Traders Send Wheat Prices Spiking as Allied Tanks, Aid to Roll Into Ukraine

The upshot for wheat follows weekly losses since Jan. 7 in a market that has slid to almost pre-Ukraine war pricing over the past year. The grain’s near one-month high coincides with news on Wednesday that U.S. President Joe Biden and German Chancellor Olaf Scholz will send contingents of tanks to Ukraine. 

While the effectiveness of the German Leopard 2 and U.S. M1 Abrams tanks have been disputed, the decision to send them represents a reversal of U.S. and German hesitation at providing Kyiv with offensive armored vehicles. It is also symbolic of efforts by Zelenskyy’s allies to help Ukraine recover territory seized by Russia. Some 321 tanks will be received by Ukraine, Kyiv’s ambassador to France, Vadym Omelchenko, said.

Aside from the tanks, the United States is separately preparing more than $2 billion worth of Ukrainian military aid that is expected to include longer-range rockets for the first time as well as other munitions and weapons, Reuters reported on Tuesday.

U.S. Wheat Associates, an export market development organization that supports the wheat industry, said in an outlook issued this week:

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“Market sentiment has become increasingly bearish, and prices have significantly dipped in the buyer’s favor; however, many unknowns linger in the market. The underlying uncertainty of Putin’s war will continue to support the market.”

Jack Scoville, Chief Crop Analyst at the Price Futures Group in Chicago, concurred, saying:

“The US and Germany are about to supply tanks to Ukraine, allowing the war to get hotter while the wheat crop develops.” 

Adds Scoville: 

“Russia has a large wheat production, although the USDA (US Department of Agriculture) says it is not nearly as large as Russia says it is. The big Russian production goes against the difficulty of moving the grain from the Black Sea due to insurance requirements, But so far, the lack of insurance has not increased demand for US wheat as Russian wheat is still moving.

The demand for US wheat in international markets has been a disappointment all year and has been hindered by low prices and aggressive offers from Russia. Ukraine is also looking for new business for its crops, and Russia is aggressive in the world market as it looks for cash to fund the war.”

 CBOT wheat got to a record high of $13.62 right after the Ukraine invasion. Following a year of dramatic volatility, several factors have pressured global wheat prices back to levels seen before the invasion.

Prices have steadily crumbled since the summer of last year after Russia and Ukraine, with support from the United Nations and Turkey, agreed to the Black Sea grain corridor and created the JCC, or Joint Coordination Center, to facilitate exports for the region. The agreement allowed supplies trapped in Russia and Ukraine to re-enter the world market, and in response, wheat futures eased 37% from the spring’s highs. 

“In the months since the corridor was implemented, wheat futures have continued falling to pre-war levels,” U.S. Wheat Associates said. “The downward pressure of steady, low-priced Black Sea wheat exports remains the primary driver.” 

According to JCC data, since the corridor’s inception, 5.1 million tonnes of wheat have been shipped from Ukraine.  

The USDA’s January report on World Agricultural Supply and Demand Estimates has pegged Russian wheat production at 91 million tonnes, though some private sector forecasts are upwards of 104 million tonnes. With record production, Russian exports are expected to reach 43 million tonnes, 17% above the five-year average. 

A record crop from Australia has also helped ease some global supply concerns. The Australian wheat crop is rumored to reach nearly 42 million tonnes, though USDA estimates hover at 36.6 million tonnes. 

So, where are wheat prices headed in the near term?